TY  - BOOK
AU  - Bartik,Timothy J.
TI  - Investing in kids: early childhood programs and local economic development 
SN  - 9780880993722
AV  - HC79.E47 B37 2011
U1  - 338.973 22
PY  - 2011///
CY  - Kalamazoo, Mich.
PB  - W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research
KW  - Economic development
KW  - United States
KW  - Early childhood education
N1  - Includes bibliographical references (p. 363-387) and index; 1. Introduction. Clarifying previous thinking -- A balanced economic development strategy: both labor demand and labor supply policies -- The advantages of thinking and acting locally -- Why consider early childhood programs and business incentives together? -- A road map for this book -- 2. The nature and importance of local economic development benefits, and how they are affected by labor demand and labor supply. What is local economic development policy? -- The importance of local economic development -- Economic development: what is it good for? Absolutely nothing except land values? -- Hysteresis: an argument for why local job growth development might help workers -- But why are jobs said to offer "benefits"? Is there "something special" about jobs? -- But why are local jobs so important? After all, I could get those same job opportunities elsewhere -- Other possible benefits of local job growth -- Where the rubber hits the road: empirical evidence on the effects of increases in local labor demand -- Not everyone agrees: the Blanchard-Katz perspective and its policy implications -- The zero-sum-game argument: why care about local benefits when what count are national benefits? -- If growth provides benefits, why worry about the details? -- What are the labor supply policies that affect the quantity or quality of labor supply in a state or local area? -- What are the key issues in how early childhood and other labor supply programs affect local economic development benefits? -- Two perspectives on the benefits to out-movers -- How mobile is the U.S. population? -- How will a state or local area's employers respond to a local increase in labor force participation or job skills? -- What about the response at the national level? -- Conclusion -- 3. Estimated economic development effects of well-designed business incentive programs. Types of business incentives -- Business incentive effects -- Financing and design of incentives -- Effects of local job growth on local workers -- Response to possible objections -- Conclusion -- 4. The economic development effects of high-quality early childhood programs. Context of these three early childhood programs -- Summary of economic development benefits -- Why you should care about 1 percent effects on earnings -- Program description -- Modeling economic development effects, part 1: spending -- Modeling economic development effects, part 2: state labor market effects of increased labor supply of parents or former child participants -- Does this analysis treat early childhood programs fairly compared to business incentives? -- Conclusion --; 5. Design matters: what features of business incentive programs and early childhood programs affect their economic development benefits? Business incentives -- Early childhood programs -- Conclusion -- 6. Dealing with the known unknowns: how policymakers should deal with dueling estimates from researchers. Sources of uncertainty -- The best response to uncertainty -- Conclusion -- 7. Bringing the future into the present: how policymakers should deal with the delayed benefits of early childhood programs. Discounting -- Reducing short-run costs: postponing costs through borrowing -- Reducing short-run costs: possible offsets from reduced special education costs -- Reducing short-run government costs: financing pre-K out of the K-12 school budget -- Increasing short-run benefits through capitalization -- Increasing short-term benefits: incorporating parental employment programs into early childhood programs -- Conclusion -- 8. Who benefits? Distributional effects of early childhood programs and business incentives, and their implications for policy. Targeted pre-K versus universal pre-K -- Business incentives: who benefits -- Prekindergarten (pre-K) education: speculation about possible distributional benefits -- Baseline results for distributional effects of universal pre-K -- Adding in possible capitalization effects -- Alternative distributional assumptions -- Targeted versus universal pre-K -- Targeting within universalism: universal pre-K with income-graduated fees -- The abecedarian program: distributional effects of a large-scale targeted program -- The nurse-family partnership: distributional effects of a smaller-scale antipoverty program -- Conclusion --; 9. Locality matters: how economic development benefits vary in diverse local economies. What this chapter is and isn't -- The mechanisms by which locality matters -- Empirical evidence on variation across states -- Empirical evidence on metropolitan areas versus states -- Empirical evidence on metropolitan area size -- Empirical evidence on metro area growth -- Conclusion -- 10. The national perspective: how local business incentives and early childhood programs affect the national economy. National versus state benefits of business incentives -- National versus state benefits of early childhood programs -- Macroeconomic benefits or costs from redistributing jobs -- Social benefits from more jobs: greater in high-unemployment local economies? -- Federalism and business incentives: a policy wonk's perspective -- Federalism and business incentives: a practical political perspective -- Federalism and early childhood programs: a policy wonk's perspective -- Federalism and early childhood programs: a practical political perspective -- Conclusion -- 11. The ethics of early childhood programs and business incentives. The philosophical argument against early childhood programs -- The philosophical argument against business incentives -- Common elements to the arguments against these government programs -- The conceptual case for early childhood programs -- Are early childhood programs really opposed to family rights? -- The conceptual case for business incentives -- Conclusion -- 12. Extending economic development analysis to other human development programs: education, public health, crime reduction. Methodology -- K-12 test scores -- Educational attainment -- Public health -- Reducing crime -- Conclusion -- 13. Thinking and acting locally: what potential is there for local support for high-quality early childhood programs? Early childhood programs and local economic development: how do they fit into the big issues? -- What can and should be done locally? -- Is local action really politically feasible? -- New thinking about early childhood programs and local economic development
N2  - Bartik measures ratios of local economic development benefits to costs for both early childhood education and business incentives. He shows that early childhood programs and the best-designed business incentives can provide local benefits that significantly exceed costs. --from publisher description
ER  -